Reduced rate for the final 10 % / slack-ullage stage to allow tank-level alarms to respond and avoid overfill.
Formula
$$ Q_\text{top} = Q_\text{bulk} \cdot (1 - r) $$
Symbol legend
| Symbol | Meaning | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| $Q_\text{bulk}$ | Main-stage loading rate | m³/h | terminal agreement |
| $r$ | Topping-off reduction | fraction | procedure |
| $Q_\text{top}$ | Reduced loading rate | m³/h | result |
Sources
- OCIMF ISGOTT 6 - Loading operations.