Berthing kinetic energy absorbed by fender - the sizing formula for pier fender selection per PIANC WG33.
Formula
$$ E = \tfrac{1}{2} \Delta v^2 \cdot C_M \cdot C_E \cdot C_C \cdot C_S $$
Symbol legend
| Symbol | Meaning | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| $\Delta$ | Displacement (including added mass) | t | hydrostatics |
| $v$ | Approach velocity | m/s | berthing procedure |
| $C_M$ | Hydrodynamic added-mass factor | - | PIANC WG33 |
| $C_E$ | Eccentricity factor | - | PIANC WG33 |
Sources
- PIANC WG33 - Fender Guidelines.