F = P × A - cylinder extend/retract force from pressure and piston area.
Formula
$$ F_\text{ext} = P \cdot \tfrac{\pi}{4} D^2, \quad F_\text{ret} = P \cdot \tfrac{\pi}{4}(D^2 - d^2) $$
Symbol legend
| Symbol | Meaning | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| $P$ | Working pressure | bar → Pa | pump setting |
| $D$ | Cylinder bore | mm | cylinder spec |
| $d$ | Rod diameter | mm | cylinder spec |
Sources
- ISO 6020/6022 - Hydraulic cylinders.