Beach-Landing Intact Stability Margin
Intact-stability margin for a ro-ro vessel with ramp down on beach - accounting for loss of reserve buoyancy forward.
GM after ramp down
0.930m
Status
Adequate residual GM
Formula, assumptions, and limits
Ro-ro free-surface / exposed-deck flooding brought down Estonia (1994). Inner watertight door mandatory, and dedicated beach-landing operations analysed separately.
Symbol legend
| Symbol | Meaning | Unit | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intact GM before ramp | m | stability booklet | |
| Waterplane opened by ramp | m⁴ | GA drawing |