Black Carbon
Black carbon - the sooty fraction of PM - is a major short-lived climate forcer, particularly damaging when deposited on Arctic ice and snow. The IMO is developing control measures for ships operating in or near the Arctic.
PM factor
0.875g/kWh
BC fraction of PM
0.35
~35 % of PM mass is black carbon
Annual black carbon
14.71t
Black carbon fraction by engine type
| Engine | BC / PM |
|---|---|
| Slow-speed diesel (SSD) | 45 % |
| Medium-speed diesel (MSD) | 35 % |
| High-speed diesel (HSD) | 25 % |
| LNG dual-fuel | 10 % |
Values from the IMO PPR sub-committee working documents. BC forcing (GWP20 ≈ 460 per the IPCC AR6) makes it consequential out of proportion to its mass share.